Pdf the ideotype concept and its application to the. It is hoped that the book will prove immense value to research workers, teachers, students and individuals who are interested for. An ideotype is a hypothetical plant described in terms of traits that are thought to enhance genetic yield potential. Discover book depositorys huge selection of animal breeding books online. The design of crop ideotypes is likely to involve concurrent modifications of the environment. Since the mid20th century, crop breeding has driven unprecedented.
The n1 european breeding program one of the largest programs in the world. Mutation breeding, sometimes referred to as variation breeding, is the process of exposing seeds to chemicals or radiation in order to generate mutants with desirable traits to be bred with other cultivars. Five books every animal breeding student should read. A biological mode which is expected to perform or behave in a predictable manner within a defined environment is known as ideotype. Trends in area, production and yield of rice over years. The genetic structure of a population, defined as a community of individuals which share a common gene pool, determines its capacity to be improved or otherwise changed by selection. Understanding animal breeding, 2000, 538 pages, richard m. On internet explorer in some windows environments, the pages show up as blank. Everything you need to know about ideotype breeding. The ideotype concept has been developed and modified for a number of different crops, including forest trees, over the last 35 years. Main features of ideotype breeding emphasis on individual trait. Lecture notes for students of agriculture and veterinary medicine at the department of animal production, university of nairobi, kenya. From the very early days human beings depend on animals and animal products for food and other requirements. Crop improvement by conventional breeding or genetic engineering.
Molecular breeding of healthy vegetables goldman 2011. A valuable additional approach is available through the breeding of crop ideotypes, plants with model characteristics known to influence photosynthesis, growth and in cereals grain production. The breeders identify and select desirable qualities in animals for future mating and discard less desirable qualities. View mutation breeding research papers on academia.
Fruit breeding pursues the creation of new cultivars by improving desired characteristics and eliminating shortcomings. Plants created using mutagenesis are sometimes called mutagenic plants or mutagenic seeds. Most plant breeding is based on defect elimination or selection for yield. The best selection of royalty free breeding vector art, graphics and stock illustrations. Various breeding strategies for increasing the yield potential include. A wellorganised program, at the cutting edge of innovation xy creation bull. Critical factors for the success of molecular breeding.
Inbreeding is the production of offspring from the mating or breeding of individuals or organisms that are closely related genetically. Historically the word mutation has been used to describe an inheritable phenotypic change regardless of its genetic origin. Richard manshardt, department of tropical plant and soil sciences. Seminor on indused breedingseminor on indused breeding santosh kumar m. Relevant obstacles to breeding of different crops or crop groups for. Sep 01, 2005 the theory and practice of breeding to type and its application to the breeding of dogs, farm animals, cage birds and other small pets davies, c. Crop improvement by conventional breeding or genetic. To address that issue, the plant breeding and genetics group at msu organized an international conference on the topic, the first of its kind. Bourdon, understanding animal breeding, 2nd edition pearson. Consumer interest in whole foods with enhanced nutritional qualities is at an alltime high, and more consumers are choosing foods on the basis of their healthy characteristics or direct labels that describe health benefits cappellano, 2009. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. Survey on the requirements in organic plant breeding.
An experienced educator in animal breeding, rick bourdon designed this book to be a modern, technologically uptodate approach to animal breeding that is less intimidating to students than competing texts. Breeding field crops john milton poehlman, david allen sleper. Induced breeding is a technique whereby ripe fish breeders are stimulated by pituitary hormone or any other synthetic hormone introduction to breed in captive condition. Plant breeding is a technique through which genetic traits of a plant are changed. The artificial process by means of which the extract of the pituitary is introduced inside the body of both the matured male and female fishes, then the carps after being excited lay eggs in the pond water and subsequently fertilization takes place and the process is called induced breeding of fishes. Role of classical mutation breeding in crop improvement. Cgiar systemwide program on participatory research and gender analysis for technology.
More specifically, crop ideotype is a plant model which is expected to yield greater quantity of grains, fiber. Mutation breeding, evolution, and the law of recurrent variation. Often backcrossing to the original nonmutated genotype part of the dna sequence of a cell that. Previously the animals were developed basing on unscientific methods. The concepts and strategies of organic plant breeding in light of. Business economical aspects of breeding case vegetable crops. Animal breeding principles and practice in the philippine context, orville l. Role of classical mutation breeding in crop improvement the. Main features of ideotype breeding are given below. Animal breeding and genetics research papers academia. It is also known as ideal plant type or model plant type.
Either try reloading or rightclick on the link and select save target. The fish production from inland water which are essentially culture fisheries and are less capital intensive have growth rate at present when compared to marine fisheries which are essentially capture and are capital intensive have relatively slow growth rate. Based on these approaches the organic farming system is described and a general crop ideotype is defined. For providing training and support on the application of new plant breeding. In recent years it has been used in the domestication of agroforestry trees producing agroforestry tree products aftps, as an aid to the multipletrait selection of superior trees for cultivar development. Information and translations of ideotype in the most comprehensive dictionary definitions resource on. Crop ideotype its features and steps in ideotype breeding. Ideotype breeding is a slow method of cultivar development, because combining together of various morphological and physiological features from different sources takes more time than traditional breeding where improvement is made in yield and one or two other characters. With support from the maes, the group was able to bring in. Sc aquaculture department of zoology and applied aquaculture submitted to. Breeding means, the manner in which selected males and females are mated. The purpose of this discussion paper is to facilitate a broad discussion with organic farmers and other stakeholders, such as breeding companies, interest groups and policymakers. It refers to ecological and ethical principles, including the nonchemical and agroecological approach, and also taking the integrity of life into account. Mutation breeding, in the case of selfpollinated crops that are disseminated by seed, is based on the selffertilization or selfing of mutants until the induced desired character is stably expressed in advanced mutant generations.
Ideotype breeding can be defined as a method of crop improvement which is use to enhance genetic yield potential through genetic manipulation of individual plant character. Chapters contributed by multidisciplinary group of competent scientists will be an excellent reference book on classical mutation breeding. In dairy and poultry farms high yielding animals are reared. Mutation breeding the genetic improvement of crop plants for various economic traits through the use of induced mutations is referred to as mutation breeding. Ideotype breeding is defined as a method of breeding to enhance genetic yield potential based on modifying individual traits where the breeding goal phenotype for each trait is specified. Breeding choice of mb strategy breeders fluent with mb stakeholders involvement seed industry for delivery. Induced breeding with pituitary gland extraction form fish. The theory and practice of breeding to type and its. Phenotyping identify key traits stress management accurate and relevant experimental design. Rearrange individual pages or entire files in the desired order. By analogy, the term is used in human reproduction, but more commonly refers to the genetic disorders and other consequences that may arise from expression of deleterious or recessive traits resulting from incestuous sexual relationships and consanguinity. Introduction to ideotype breeding in broad sense an ideotype is a biological model which is expected to perform or behave in a predictable manner within a defined environment. These are as yet but faint and uncertain indices of the attributes of suc cess, and the maize breeding programmes of the united states, other than those aimed at defect elimination, continue to be based principally on inbreeding, hybridisation. For the improvement of live stock farm animals selection and breeding must be.
Towards resilience through systemsbased plant breeding. Appropriate organic plant breed ing will serve to develop improved varieties for organic systems without jeopardising the ethical and environmental integrity of. The home field advantage of modern plant breeding ncbi. View animal breeding and genetics research papers on academia. These high yielding animals are produced by hybridisation experiments.
Some instances of the successful use of model characters of this kind are quoted. The past, present and future of plant breeding vib. Genetic evaluation of individual animals in a breeding population, selection of the best individuals for traits of importance in some sense adaptation, production, economic, followed by mating of selected individuals to generate the next generation of animals. Induced breeding with pituitary gland extraction from fish. Some desirable traits are incorporated to produce a new variety.
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